He aha nā kumu nui e pili ana i ka hopena welding o ka electrode?

ʻO nā ʻāpana wili o ka welding arc electrode ka nui o ka electrode diameter, welding current, arc voltage, helu o ka welding layers, power source type and polarity, etc.

1. Ke koho ana i ke anawaena electrode

ʻO ke koho ʻana o ke anawaena electrode ma muli o nā mea e like me ka mānoanoa o ka weldment, ke ʻano o ka hui, ke kūlana o ka weld a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka welding.Ma ke kumu o ka hoʻopili ʻole ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka welding, i mea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka huahana hana, maʻamau ke koho ʻana i kahi electrode anawaena nui aʻe.

No nā ʻāpana wili me ka mānoanoa nui, pono e hoʻohana ʻia kahi electrode anawaena nui aʻe.No ka wiliwili pālahalaha, hiki ke ʻoi aku ke anawaena o ka electrode i hoʻohana ʻia;no ke kuʻi kuʻi ʻana, ʻo ke anawaena o ka electrode i hoʻohana ʻia ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ma mua o 5 mm;no ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana a me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana ma luna, ʻo ke anawaena o ka electrode i hoʻohana ʻia ʻaʻole ma mua o 4 mm.I ka hihia o ka multi-layer welding me nā ʻāpana like, i mea e pale ai i ka hiki ʻana mai o nā hemahema komo ʻole, pono e hoʻohana ʻia kahi electrode 3.2 mm anawaena no ka papa mua o ka weld.Ma lalo o nā kūlana maʻamau, hiki ke koho ʻia ke anawaena electrode e like me ka mānoanoa o ka weldment (e like me ka mea i helu ʻia ma ka Papa TQ-1).

2. Ke koho ʻana o ka welding au

ʻO ka nui o ka welding au he mana nui i ka maikaʻi a me ka huahana.Inā liʻiliʻi loa ke au, ʻaʻole paʻa ka arc, a maʻalahi ke hana i nā hemahema e like me ke komo ʻana o ka slag a me ke komo ʻole ʻana, a haʻahaʻa ka huahana;inā ʻoi aku ka nui o ke au, hiki mai nā hemahema e like me ka undercut and burn-through, a piʻi ka sptter.

No laila, i ka wā e kuʻi ai me ka welding arc electrode, pono ke kūpono o ke au.Hoʻoholo nui ʻia ka nui o ka welding e nā mea e like me ke ʻano electrode, ke anawaena electrode, ka mānoanoa weldment, ke ʻano hui, ka wahi weld a me ka pae welding, i waena o nā mea koʻikoʻi he electrode diameter a weld space space.I ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā electrodes kila kila maʻamau, hiki ke koho ʻia ka pilina ma waena o ke au kuʻi ʻana a me ke anawaena electrode e ka empirical formula: I=kd

I loko o ke kumu hoʻohālike, hōʻike wau i ke au kuʻi (A);hōʻike i ke anawaena electrode (mm);

k hōʻike i ka coefficient pili i ke anawaena o ka electrode (e nana Papa TQ-2 no ke koho).

Eia kekahi, heʻokoʻa ke kūlana spatial o ka weld, a heʻokoʻa hoʻi ka nui o ke au.ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ʻo ka mea i kēia manawa i ka kuʻi kuʻi ʻana he 15% ~ 20% ka haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka kuʻihao palahalaha;ʻO ka manawa o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana a me ke kuʻi ʻana ma luna he 10% ~ 15% ka haʻahaʻa ma mua o kēlā ma ka hoʻopili paʻa.Nui ka mānoanoa welding, a lawe pinepine ʻia ka palena kiʻekiʻe o ke au.

ʻO nā electrodes kila kila me nā mea hoʻohui like ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kūpaʻa uila, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka wela, ke kiʻekiʻe o ka manawa i ka wā wili, a hiki i ka electrode ke ʻulaʻula, e hāʻule koke ka uhi, e pili ana i ka maikaʻi o ka welding, a puhi ʻia nā mea hoʻohui. nui, no laila hoʻoheheʻe Ua hoʻemi ʻia ke au e like me ia.

3. Ke koho ʻana i ka volta arc

Hoʻoholo ʻia ka volta arc e ka lōʻihi arc.Inā lōʻihi ke arc, kiʻekiʻe ka volta arc;inā pōkole ke arc, haʻahaʻa ka voluma arc.I ke kaʻina hana kuʻi, inā lōʻihi loa ka arc, e wela ke arc i ka paʻa ʻole, e hoʻonui ʻia ka spatter, e emi iho ke komo ʻana, a e maʻalahi ka ea o waho i ka poʻe, e hoʻopilikia ai e like me nā pores.No laila, koi ʻia ka lōʻihi o ke arc ma lalo a i ʻole like me ke anawaena o ka electrode, ʻo ia hoʻi, pōkole arc welding.I ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka electrode acid no ka kuʻi ʻana, i mea e hoʻomaʻamaʻa mua ai i ka ʻāpana e welded ai ʻole e hōʻemi i ka mahana o ka wai i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, i kekahi manawa ua hoʻolōʻihi ʻia ke arc no ka kuʻi ʻana, i kapa ʻia ʻo long arc welding.

4. ʻO ke kohoʻana i ka helu o nā papa kuʻi

Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka welding multi-layer i ka wiliwili arc o nā papa waena a me ka mānoanoa.ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā papa e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka plasticity a me ka paʻakikī o ka weld, ʻoi aku hoʻi no nā kihi anu.Eia nō naʻe, pono e pale i nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole o ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka hui a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka wahi wela.Eia kekahi,ʻo ka hoʻonuiʻana i ka helu o nā papa e hoʻonui i ka deformation o ka weldment.No laila, pono e hoʻoholo me ka noʻonoʻo piha.

5. Ke kohoʻana i keʻano o ka mana a me ka polarity

Loaʻa ka mana o DC i ka arc paʻa, ka spatter liʻiliʻi a me ka maikaʻi wiliwili maikaʻi.Hoʻohana maʻamau ia no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā hale wili koʻikoʻi a i ʻole nā ​​​​papa mānoanoa me nā hale rigidity nui.

I nā hihia ʻē aʻe, pono ʻoe e noʻonoʻo mua i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mīkini hoʻoheheʻe AC, no ka mea he ʻano maʻalahi ka mīkini hoʻoheheʻe AC, haʻahaʻa ke kumu kūʻai, a maʻalahi hoʻi e hoʻohana a mālama ʻia ma mua o ka mīkini wiliwili DC.ʻO ke koho o ka polarity e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka electrode a me nā ʻano o ka welding.ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana o ka anode ma ke arc ma mua o ka mahana o ka cathode, a ua hoʻohana ʻia nā polarities like ʻole e weld i nā weldments like ʻole.

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